The Science of Surprise: Unexpected Wins in Nature and Games 21.11.2025
1. Introduction: Understanding the Power of Surprise in Nature and Human Activities Surprise is not merely a fleeting emotion—it is a pivotal force that shapes survival, innovation, and strategic success across biological and competitive domains. In nature, the precise timing of a predator’s strike or a prey’s evasive maneuver can determine life or death. Similarly, […]
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